Genesis Chapter 43: Joseph’s Brothers Return to Egypt

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¹ And the famine was sore in the land.
² And it came to pass, when they had eaten up the corn which they had brought out of Egypt, their father said unto them, Go again, buy us a little food.
³ And Judah spake unto him, saying, The man did solemnly protest unto us, saying, Ye shall not see my face, except your brother be with you.
⁴ If thou wilt send our brother with us, we will go down and buy thee food:
⁵ But if thou wilt not send him, we will not go down: for the man said unto us, Ye shall not see my face, except your brother be with you.
⁶ And Israel said, Wherefore dealt ye so ill with me, as to tell the man whether ye had yet a brother?
⁷ And they said, The man asked us straitly of our state, and of our kindred, saying, Is your father yet alive? have ye another brother? and we told him according to the tenor of these words: could we certainly know that he would say, Bring your brother down?
⁸ And Judah said unto Israel his father, Send the lad with me, and we will arise and go; that we may live, and not die, both we, and thou, and also our little ones.
⁹ I will be surety for him; of my hand shalt thou require him: if I bring him not unto thee, and set him before thee, then let me bear the blame for ever:
¹⁰ For except we had lingered, surely now we had returned this second time.
¹¹ And their father Israel said unto them, If it must be so now, do this; take of the best fruits in the land in your vessels, and carry down the man a present, a little balm, and a little honey, spices, and myrrh, nuts, and almonds:
¹² And take double money in your hand; and the money that was brought again in the mouth of your sacks, carry it again in your hand; peradventure it was an oversight:
¹³ Take also your brother, and arise, go again unto the man:
¹⁴ And God Almighty give you mercy before the man, that he may send away your other brother, and Benjamin. If I be bereaved of my children, I am bereaved.
¹⁵ And the men took that present, and they took double money in their hand, and Benjamin; and rose up, and went down to Egypt, and stood before Joseph.
¹⁶ And when Joseph saw Benjamin with them, he said to the ruler of his house, Bring these men home, and slay, and make ready; for these men shall dine with me at noon.
¹⁷ And the man did as Joseph bade; and the man brought the men into Joseph’s house.
¹⁸ And the men were afraid, because they were brought into Joseph’s house; and they said, Because of the money that was returned in our sacks at the first time are we brought in; that he may seek occasion against us, and fall upon us, and take us for bondmen, and our asses.
¹⁹ And they came near to the steward of Joseph’s house, and they communed with him at the door of the house,
²⁰ And said, O sir, we came indeed down at the first time to buy food:
²¹ And it came to pass, when we came to the inn, that we opened our sacks, and, behold, every man’s money was in the mouth of his sack, our money in full weight: and we have brought it again in our hand.
²² And other money have we brought down in our hands to buy food: we cannot tell who put our money in our sacks.
²³ And he said, Peace be to you, fear not: your God, and the God of your father, hath given you treasure in your sacks: I had your money. And he brought Simeon out unto them.
²⁴ And the man brought the men into Joseph’s house, and gave them water, and they washed their feet; and he gave their asses provender.
²⁵ And they made ready the present against Joseph came at noon: for they heard that they should eat bread there.
²⁶ And when Joseph came home, they brought him the present which was in their hand into the house, and bowed themselves to him to the earth.
²⁷ And he asked them of their welfare, and said, Is your father well, the old man of whom ye spake? Is he yet alive?
²⁸ And they answered, Thy servant our father is in good health, he is yet alive. And they bowed down their heads, and made obeisance.
²⁹ And he lifted up his eyes, and saw his brother Benjamin, his mother’s son, and said, Is this your younger brother, of whom ye spake unto me? And he said, God be gracious unto thee, my son.
³⁰ And Joseph made haste; for his bowels did yearn upon his brother: and he sought where to weep; and he entered into his chamber, and wept there.
³¹ And he washed his face, and went out, and refrained himself, and said, Set on bread.
³² And they set on for him by himself, and for them by themselves, and for the Egyptians, which did eat with him, by themselves: because the Egyptians might not eat bread with the Hebrews; for that is an abomination unto the Egyptians.
³³ And they sat before him, the firstborn according to his birthright, and the youngest according to his youth: and the men marvelled one at another.
³⁴ And he took and sent messes unto them from before him: but Benjamin’s mess was five times so much as any of theirs. And they drank, and were merry with him.


🌾 A Journey of Reckoning and Redemption in Egypt 🌾

“And their father Israel said unto them, If it must be so now, do this; take of the best fruits in the land in your vessels…” – Genesis 43:11

Genesis 43 continues the dramatic saga between Joseph and his brothers. The tension mounts as famine deepens in Canaan and Jacob is forced to send his sons back to Egypt—with Benjamin. This chapter reveals the maturing of Judah, the softening of the brothers’ hearts, and Joseph’s hidden emotional turmoil as God’s sovereign hand continues orchestrating a powerful story of reconciliation.

📜 Structure of Genesis Chapter 43

Verses 1–10: Jacob Reluctantly Sends Benjamin

The famine grows severe. The brothers cannot return to Egypt without Benjamin, as Joseph (still unknown to them) warned. Judah steps forward with boldness, offering himself as surety for Benjamin’s safety. This marks a major shift in Judah’s character (see also Genesis 37). Jacob, now called Israel, reluctantly agrees—his faith mingled with sorrow.

“If I be bereaved of my children, I am bereaved.” – Genesis 43:14
Jacob surrenders control, not in defeat, but in trust—symbolizing a turning point in his spiritual journey.

Verses 11–15: A Gift and a Plea for Mercy

Israel instructs his sons to take a gift of balm, honey, spices, and silver back to Egypt. This offering is symbolic—a peace gesture mirroring ancient customs—and a spiritual act of humility. They also carry double the money to return what was mysteriously found in their sacks. Their hearts are humbled and cautious, preparing for both justice and mercy.

Verses 16–25: Joseph’s Hospitality and Testing

When Joseph sees Benjamin, he prepares a feast—an unexpected act that unnerves the brothers. They fear retribution over the money, but the steward reassures them that their God had given them treasure. This acknowledgment of God’s providence is a divine thread running through the narrative (see Genesis 42).

Verses 26–34: Benjamin’s Favor and Joseph’s Hidden Grief

Joseph, overwhelmed by the sight of Benjamin, leaves the room to weep. He returns, composed, and hosts the brothers in order of their birth—shocking them. Benjamin receives five times the portion, foreshadowing both favor and future tests (see Genesis 44). Joseph’s kindness both reveals his heart and sets the stage for a deeper revelation to come.

💡 Key Themes

✨ God’s Sovereignty in Suffering

Despite the famine, God is aligning hearts, preparing for a greater purpose. His hand moves through every decision and delay.

✨ Redemption through Responsibility

Judah’s transformation from a betrayer to a protector demonstrates the power of repentance and change.

✨ The Power of Grace

Joseph’s mercy, hidden behind formality, reflects how grace often moves quietly—offering provision even before guilt is confessed.

👤 Key People

  • Joseph – Second in command of Egypt, still concealing his identity yet guiding his brothers toward restoration.
  • Judah – Emerges as a leader, offering his own life for Benjamin—a foreshadow of Christ’s substitutionary love.
  • Jacob (Israel) – Wrestles between grief and faith, finally yielding to God’s greater plan.
  • Benjamin – The youngest, unknowingly becomes a key figure in the unfolding of God’s divine reunion.

🔥 Why This Chapter Matters

Genesis 43 reminds us that even in famine and fear, God is preparing a table before us. The chapter calls believers to trust God’s unseen plan, walk in humility, and watch how repentance and mercy can begin to heal even the deepest wounds.

💭 Let’s Reflect

  • What area of your life feels like a famine right now? Can you see God preparing provision behind the scenes?
  • Have you experienced a “Judah moment” where you had to take full responsibility to redeem a situation?
  • Like Joseph, are you called to show mercy to someone who once wronged you?

Ready to Go Deeper?

👉 Click here to begin reading Genesis Chapter 44

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